{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T15:08:25Z","timestamp":1761491305733,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]],"date-time":"2021-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009885","name":"Regione Piemonte","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POR-FESR 2014\u20132020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POR-FESR 2014\u20132020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009885","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antibiotics are widely used to both prevent and treat bacterial diseases as well as promote animal growth. This massive use leads to the presence of residual antibiotics in food with severe consequences for human health. Limitations and regulations on the tolerated amount of antibiotics in food have been introduced and analytical methods have been developed. The bioanalytical methods usually employed to detect antibiotic residues, however, are time-consuming, expensive and laboratory-based. Novel methods with improved rapidity, portability and cost that are easy-to-use and sustainable are therefore highly desirable. In the attempt to fulfill this need, a microfluidic system was set up herein for the purification and pre-concentration of tetracyclines from raw milk selected as the case-study. The system includes a polymeric microfluidic chip containing magnetic beads loaded with copper to exploit the preferential interaction of tetracycline with divalent ions. The microfluidic system was demonstrated to efficiently pre-concentrate tetracycline, oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline with similar performances and efficiently purify tetracycline from raw milk without any pre-treatment. The simplified method described in this paper could be easily integrated in a compact and portable device for the in-field detection of tetracyclines, with the economic advantage of preventing food wastes and guaranteeing food safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21217236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T22:24:22Z","timestamp":1635805462000},"page":"7236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["On-Chip Purification of Tetracyclines Based on Copper Ions Interaction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Lunelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors and Devices, Via Sommarive 18, Povo, I-38123 Trento, Italy"},{"name":"CNR\u2014Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biofisica, Via alla Cascata 56\/C, Povo, I-38123 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5751-0763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Germanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors and Devices, Via Sommarive 18, Povo, I-38123 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lia","family":"Vanzetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors and Devices, Via Sommarive 18, Povo, I-38123 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Tatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors and Devices, Via Sommarive 18, Povo, I-38123 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0793-7547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Potrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors and Devices, Via Sommarive 18, Povo, I-38123 Trento, Italy"},{"name":"CNR\u2014Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biofisica, Via alla Cascata 56\/C, Povo, I-38123 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Pederzolli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors and Devices, Via Sommarive 18, Povo, I-38123 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7569","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b01334","article-title":"Antibiotic residues in food: Extraction, analysis, and human health concerns","volume":"67","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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