{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T18:20:47Z","timestamp":1773598847335,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]],"date-time":"2021-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012510","name":"Danish Ministry of Culture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FPK.2019-0037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPK.2019-0037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012510","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Patellar and Achilles tendinopathy commonly affect runners. Developing algorithms to predict cumulative force in these structures may help prevent these injuries. Importantly, such algorithms should be fueled with data that are easily accessible while completing a running session outside a biomechanical laboratory. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate whether algorithms can be developed for predicting patellar and Achilles tendon force and impulse during running using measures that can be easily collected by runners using commercially available devices. A secondary objective was to evaluate the predictive performance of the algorithms against the commonly used running distance. Trials of 24 recreational runners were collected with an Xsens suit and a Garmin Forerunner 735XT at three different intended running speeds. Data were analyzed using a mixed-effects multiple regression model, which was used to model the association between the estimated forces in anatomical structures and the training load variables during the fixed running speeds. This provides twelve algorithms for predicting patellar or Achilles tendon peak force and impulse per stride. The algorithms developed in the current study were always superior to the running distance algorithm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21217418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]],"date-time":"2021-11-08T22:08:41Z","timestamp":1636409321000},"page":"7418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["How Precisely Can Easily Accessible Variables Predict Achilles and Patellar Tendon Forces during Running?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7246-4811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9 B. K.","family":"Brund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Sciences\u2013Performance and Technology, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Rasmus","family":"Waagepetersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Rasmus","family":"O. Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit for General Practice, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3257-5653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, 9220 Aarhus, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Sciences\u2013Performance and Technology, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Christian H.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Sciences\u2013Performance and Technology, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0584-271X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"de Zee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Sciences\u2013Performance and Technology, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kww069","article-title":"Invited Commentary: Little Steps Lead to Huge Steps\u2014It \u2019 s Time to Make Physical Inactivity Our Number 1 Public Health Enemy","volume":"184","author":"Church","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. 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