{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T04:41:44Z","timestamp":1775709704421,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJPR19G3, JPMJCR15F4, JPMJMI19D4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJPR19G3, JPMJCR15F4, JPMJMI19D4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Solution-gated graphene field-effect transistors (SG-GFETs) provide an ideal platform for sensing biomolecules owing to their high electron\/hole mobilities and 2D nature. However, the transfer curve often drifts in an electrolyte solution during measurements, making it difficult to accurately estimate the analyte concentration. One possible reason for this drift is that p-doping of GFETs is gradually countered by cations in the solution, because the cations can permeate into the polymer residue and\/or between graphene and SiO2 substrates. Therefore, we propose doping sufficient cations to counter p-doping of GFETs prior to the measurements. For the pre-treatment, GFETs were immersed in a 15 mM sodium chloride aqueous solution for 25 h. The pretreated GFETs showed that the charge neutrality point (CNP) drifted by less than 3 mV during 1 h of measurement in a phosphate buffer, while the non-treated GFETs showed that the CNP was severely drifted by approximately 50 mV, demonstrating a 96% reduction of the drift by the pre-treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed the accumulation of sodium ions in the GFETs through pre-treatment. Our method is useful for suppressing drift, thus allowing accurate estimation of the target analyte concentration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21227455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T21:39:07Z","timestamp":1636493947000},"page":"7455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Drift Suppression of Solution-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistors by Cation Doping for Sensing Platforms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1070-7398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naruto","family":"Miyakawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1-10-1 Higashikotari, Nagaokakyo-shi 617-8555, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayumi","family":"Shinagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1-10-1 Higashikotari, Nagaokakyo-shi 617-8555, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuko","family":"Kajiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1-10-1 Higashikotari, Nagaokakyo-shi 617-8555, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7652-081X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shota","family":"Ushiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1-10-1 Higashikotari, Nagaokakyo-shi 617-8555, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Ono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6501-9699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasushi","family":"Kanai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinsuke","family":"Tani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1-10-1 Higashikotari, Nagaokakyo-shi 617-8555, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1-10-1 Higashikotari, Nagaokakyo-shi 617-8555, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4350","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AN00464K","article-title":"Blood, sweat, and tears: developing clinically relevant protein biosensors for integrated body fluid analysis","volume":"140","author":"Corrie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203002","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6463\/aabb93","article-title":"Review on water quality sensors","volume":"51","author":"Kruse","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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