{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:34:29Z","timestamp":1760236469268,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["814624"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["814624"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Adequate thermic conditions are required for the preventive conservation of artworks, but such optimum conditions cannot always be achieved in historical buildings such as ancient churches. In those cases, it is of interest to assess the potential risk of punctual changes in indoor environments that can be harmful to artworks. These conditions can be assessed by means of a microclimate monitoring system comprised of a set of energy-efficient wireless sensors connected to the cloud using IoT techniques. This approach was followed at the baroque church of Saint Thomas and Saint Philip Neri in Valencia (Spain). A set of 26 wireless nodes was installed, which recorded values of temperature and relative humidity every hour for a period of 7 months. Small differences of temperature were obtained among sensors, so that an efficient methodology based on principal component analysis (PCA) was applied for the characterization of similarities and dissimilarities between sensors. Daily ranges of temperatures were studied as well as mean trajectories, differences between days of the week, and changes in the correlation structure of daily median values over time. Results provide a framework for an efficient characterization of temperatures in heritage buildings based on a network of wireless sensors. Such a framework is useful to assess the potential risk of temperature fluctuations on the preventive conservation of historical buildings and artworks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21237795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T01:45:02Z","timestamp":1638323102000},"page":"7795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Multivariate Characterization of Temperature Fluctuations in a Historical Building Using Energy-Efficient IoT Wireless Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8361-0554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Zarzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Statistics, Operations Research and Quality, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5782-4284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angel","family":"Perles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ITACA Institute, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Mercado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ITACA Institute, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7062-245X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando-Juan","family":"Garc\u00eda-Diego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physics (U.D. Industrial Engineering), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Pernice, D., and Debyser, A. (2021). Fact Sheets on the European Union: Transport and Tourism Policy, European Parliament. Available online: https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/factsheets\/en\/sheet\/126\/tourism."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-015-5066-3","article-title":"Quantitative non-invasive method for damage evaluation in frescoes: Ariadne\u2019s House (Pompeii, Italy)","volume":"75","author":"Merello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization (2010). EN 15758:2010. Conservation of Cultural Property. 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