{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:35:38Z","timestamp":1760236538337,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,28]],"date-time":"2021-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since its first description in Wuhan, China, the novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly around the world. The management of this major pandemic requires a close coordination between clinicians, scientists, and public health services in order to detect and promptly treat patients needing intensive care. The development of consumer wearable monitoring devices offers physicians new opportunities for the continuous monitoring of patients at home. This clinical case presents an original description of 55 days of SARS-CoV-2-induced physiological changes in a patient who routinely uses sleep-monitoring devices. We observed that sleep was specifically affected during COVID-19 (Total Sleep time, TST, and Wake after sleep onset, WASO), within a seemingly bidirectional manner. Sleep status prior to infection (e.g., chronic sleep deprivation or sleep disorders) may affect disease progression, and sleep could be considered as a biomarker of interest for monitoring COVID-19 progression. The use of habitual data represents an opportunity to evaluate pathologic states and improve clinical care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21237944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T01:45:02Z","timestamp":1638323102000},"page":"7944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sleep and COVID-19. A Case Report of a Mild COVID-19 Patient Monitored by Consumer-Targeted Sleep Wearables"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Metlaine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EA 7330 VIFASOM, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, 1 Place du Parvis notre Dame, 75004 Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance,  H\u00f4tel-Dieu, AP-HP, 1 Place du Parvis notre Dame, 75004 Paris, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4298-2319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabien","family":"Sauvet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EA 7330 VIFASOM, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, 1 Place du Parvis notre Dame, 75004 Paris, France"},{"name":"Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale des Arm\u00e9es (IRBA), 1 Place du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Val\u00e9rie Andr\u00e9, 91190 Paris, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4409-813X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mounir","family":"Chennaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EA 7330 VIFASOM, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, 1 Place du Parvis notre Dame, 75004 Paris, France"},{"name":"Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale des Arm\u00e9es (IRBA), 1 Place du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Val\u00e9rie Andr\u00e9, 91190 Paris, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1168-480X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damien","family":"Leger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EA 7330 VIFASOM, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, 1 Place du Parvis notre Dame, 75004 Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance,  H\u00f4tel-Dieu, AP-HP, 1 Place du Parvis notre Dame, 75004 Paris, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4404-975X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxime","family":"Elbaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EA 7330 VIFASOM, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, 1 Place du Parvis notre Dame, 75004 Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance,  H\u00f4tel-Dieu, AP-HP, 1 Place du Parvis notre Dame, 75004 Paris, France"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2020). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-2019) Situation Report. 25 August 2020, WHO. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/situation-reports\/."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01531-3","article-title":"Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"49","author":"Salzberger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25137","DOI":"10.2196\/25137","article-title":"Wearables in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: What Are They Good for?","volume":"8","author":"Bent","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth uHealth"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altini, M., and Kinnunen, H. (2021). The promise of Sleep: A Multi-Sensor Approach for Accurate Sleep Stage Detection Using The Oura Ring. Sensors, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/s21134302"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16273","DOI":"10.2196\/16273","article-title":"Accuracy of Wristband Fitbit Models in Assessing Sleep: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"21","author":"Haghayegh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A170","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaa056.441","article-title":"Examining Sleep Duration and Social Jetlag From a Popular Wearable Sleep Tracker in France and Canada","volume":"43","author":"Elbaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-00363-7","article-title":"Assessment of physiological signs associated with COVID-19 measured using wearable devices","volume":"30","author":"Natarajan","year":"2020","journal-title":"NPJ Digit. 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Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000822","article-title":"Sleep medicine and coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"27","author":"Gill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pulm. 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