{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T16:10:32Z","timestamp":1784995832503,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zayed University Cluster Research","award":["R20143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R20143"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>LoRaWAN is renowned and a mostly supported technology for the Internet of Things, using an energy-efficient Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) to allocate resources (e.g., Spreading Factor (SF)) and Transmit Power (TP) to a large number of End Devices (EDs). When these EDs are mobile, the fixed SF allocation is not efficient owing to the sudden changes caused in the link conditions between the ED and the gateway. As a result of this situation, significant packet loss occurs, increasing the retransmissions from EDs. Therefore, we propose a Resource Management ADR (RM-ADR) at both ED and Network Sides (NS) by considering the packet transmission information and received power to address this issue. Through simulation results, RM-ADR showed improved performance compared to the state-of-the-art ADR techniques. The findings indicate a faster convergence time by minimizing packet loss ratio and retransmission in a mobile LoRaWAN network environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21237980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T01:45:02Z","timestamp":1638323102000},"page":"7980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["RM-ADR: Resource Management Adaptive Data Rate for Mobile Application in LoRaWAN"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Khola","family":"Anwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical & Numerical Science, Qurtuba University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taj","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical & Numerical Science, Qurtuba University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asim","family":"Zeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad 22500, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0895-9665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inayat","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Buner, Buner 19290, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6623-1758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdi","family":"Zareei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterry 64849, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1770-471X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar","family":"Vargas-Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterry 64849, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gomez, C., Veras, J.C., Vidal, R., Casals, L., and Paradells, J. 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