{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:38:51Z","timestamp":1760236731360,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]],"date-time":"2021-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A5A1019649","2020R1A2C1012428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A5A1019649","2020R1A2C1012428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gravure printing, which is a roll-to-roll printed electronics system suitable for high-speed patterning of functional layers have advantages of being applied to flexible webs in large areas. As each of the printing procedure from inking to doctoring followed by ink transferring and setting influences the quality of the pattern geometry, it is necessary to detect and diagnose factors causing the printing defects beforehand. Data acquisition with three triaxial acceleration sensors for fault diagnosis of four major defects such as doctor blade tilting fault was obtained. To improve the diagnosis performances, optimal sensor selection with Sensor Data Efficiency Evaluation, sensitivity evaluation for axis selection with Directional Nature of Fault and feature variable optimization with Feature Combination Matrix method was applied on the raw data to form a Smart Data. Each phase carried out on the raw data progressively enhanced the diagnosis results in contents of accuracy, positive predictive value, diagnosis processing time, and data capacity. In the case of doctor blade tilting fault, the diagnosis accuracy increased from 48% to 97% with decreasing processing time of 3640 s to 16 s and the data capacity of 100 Mb to 5 Mb depending on the input data between raw data and Smart Data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21248454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T02:40:32Z","timestamp":1639968032000},"page":"8454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Impact of Sensor Data Characterization with Directional Nature of Fault and Statistical Feature Combination for Defect Detection on Roll-to-Roll Printed Electronics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2396-9044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoonjae","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Production Engineering and Design, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, Korea"}]},{"given":"Minho","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Production Engineering and Design, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, Korea"}]},{"given":"Gyoujin","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Engineering Center for R2R Printed Flexible Computer, Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 16419, Korea"}]},{"given":"Changbeom","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point Terrace, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9862-2833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changwoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000770","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.202000770","article-title":"The First Step towards a R2R Printing Foundry via a Complementary Design Rule in Physical Dimension for Fabricating Flexible 4-Bit Code Generator","volume":"6","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. 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