{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:59:27Z","timestamp":1777658367883,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":177,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Amongst the most common causes of death globally, stroke is one of top three affecting over 100 million people worldwide annually. There are two classes of stroke, namely ischemic stroke (due to impairment of blood supply, accounting for ~70% of all strokes) and hemorrhagic stroke (due to bleeding), both of which can result, if untreated, in permanently damaged brain tissue. The discovery that the affected brain tissue (i.e., \u2018ischemic penumbra\u2019) can be salvaged from permanent damage and the bourgeoning growth in computer aided diagnosis has led to major advances in stroke management. Abiding to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta\u2013Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we have surveyed a total of 177 research papers published between 2010 and 2021 to highlight the current status and challenges faced by computer aided diagnosis (CAD), machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) based techniques for CT and MRI as prime modalities for stroke detection and lesion region segmentation. This work concludes by showcasing the current requirement of this domain, the preferred modality, and prospective research areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21248507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T04:23:47Z","timestamp":1640060627000},"page":"8507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["A Review on Computer Aided Diagnosis of Acute Brain Stroke"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7487-3571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahesh Anil","family":"Inamdar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1124-089X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Udupi","family":"Raghavendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anjan","family":"Gudigar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yashas","family":"Chakole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6970-2260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajay","family":"Hegde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Girish R.","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5117-8333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prabal","family":"Barua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management & Enterprise, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia"},{"name":"Cogninet Brain Team, Cogninet Australia, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth Emma","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4475-5451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kang Hao","family":"Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science, Mathematics and Technology Cluster, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2718-3797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wai Yee","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Imaging, Research Imaging Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Ciaccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2689-8552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"U. 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