{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T05:49:10Z","timestamp":1776491350565,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]],"date-time":"2021-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51105291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51105291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011710","name":"Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 2020GY-124 and NO.2019GY-125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2020GY-124 and NO.2019GY-125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory Project of Department of Education of Shaanxi Province","award":["No.19JS034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.19JS034"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In view of the fact that vibration signals of rolling bearings are much contaminated by noise in the early failure period, this paper presents a new denoising SVD-VMD method by combining singular value decomposition (SVD) and variational mode decomposition (VMD). SVD is used to determine the structure of the underlying model, which is referred to as signal and noise subspaces, and VMD is used to decompose the original signal into several band-limited modes. Then the effective components are selected from these modes to reconstruct the denoised signal according to the difference spectrum (DS) of singular values and kurtosis values. Simulated signals and experimental signals of roller bearing faults have been analyzed using this proposed method and compared with SVD-DS. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively retain the useful signals and denoise the bearing signals in extremely noisy backgrounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22010195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T02:31:27Z","timestamp":1640745087000},"page":"195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Utilizing SVD and VMD for Denoising Non-Stationary Signals of Roller Bearings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an 710021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an 710021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongtao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an 710021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an 710021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6248-2875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asoke K.","family":"Nandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UK"},{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2006.10.010","article-title":"A fault diagnosis approach for roller bearing based on IMF envelope spectrum and SVM","volume":"40","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.02.118","article-title":"Bearing fault diagnosis using multi-scale entropy and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Syst. 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