{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T17:14:15Z","timestamp":1765041255519,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007133","name":"Ag\u00eancia Nacional de Energia El\u00e9trica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["313239\/2017-7."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["313239\/2017-7."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents the development of a methodology to detect and evaluate faults in cable-stayed towers, which are part of the infrastructure of Brazil\u2019s interconnected electrical system. The proposed method increases system reliability and minimizes the risk of service failure and tower collapse through the introduction of predictive maintenance methods based on artificial intelligence, which will ultimately benefit the end consumer. The proposed signal processing and interpretation methods are based on a machine learning approach, where the tower vibration is acquired from accelerometers that measure the dynamic response caused by the effects of the environment on the towers through wind and weather conditions. Data-based models were developed to obtain a representation of health degradation, which is primarily based on the finite element model of the tower, subjected to wind excitation. This representation is also based on measurements using a mockup tower with different types of provoked degradation that was subjected to ambient changes in the laboratory. The sensor signals are preprocessed and submitted to an autoencoder neural network to minimize the dimensionality of the resources involved, being analyzed by a classifier, based on a Softmax configuration. The results of the proposed configuration indicate the possibility of early failure detection and evolution evaluation, providing an effective failure detection and monitoring system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22010213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T08:12:15Z","timestamp":1640765535000},"page":"213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Evaluation of Machine Learning Methods for Monitoring the Health of Guyed Towers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8697-9798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana Marcela","family":"Martinez Ricardo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computational Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-860, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3886-0914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"German Efrain","family":"Casta\u00f1eda Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computational Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-860, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janito","family":"Vaqueiro Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computational Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-860, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2881-5215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Euripedes Guilherme","family":"de Oliveira Nobrega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computational Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-860, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Rodrigues","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exploratory Hardware Desing Department, Instituto de Pesquisas Eldorado, Campinas 13083-898, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3567-5131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larissa M.","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transmissora Alian\u00e7a de Energia El\u00e9trica S.A., Rio de Janeiro 20010-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6105(99)00091-4","article-title":"Analytical study on wind-induced vibration of power transmission towers","volume":"83","author":"Yasui","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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