{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:36:28Z","timestamp":1783607788393,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]],"date-time":"2021-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are prone to highly constrained resources, as a result ensuring the proper functioning of the network is a requirement. Therefore, an effective WSN management system has to be integrated for the network efficiency. Our objective is to model, design, and propose a homogeneous WSN hybrid architecture. This work features a dedicated power utilization optimization strategy specifically for WSNs application. It is entitled Hybrid Energy-Efficient Power manager Scheduling (HEEPS). The pillars of this strategy are based on the one hand on time-out Dynamic Power Management (DPM) Intertask and on the other hand on Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS). All tasks are scheduled under Global Earliest Deadline First (GEDF) with new scheduling tests to overcome the Dhall effect. To minimize the energy consumption, the HEEPS predicts, defines and models the behavior adapted to each sensor node, as well as the associated energy management mechanism. HEEPS\u2019s performance evaluation and analysis are performed using the STORM simulator. A comparison to the results obtained with the various state of the art approaches is presented. Results show that the power manager proposed effectively schedules tasks to use dynamically the available energy estimated gain up to 50%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22010301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]],"date-time":"2022-01-09T23:08:26Z","timestamp":1641769706000},"page":"301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Towards Hybrid Energy-Efficient Power Management in Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9970-3915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rym","family":"Ch\u00e9our","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Embedded System Laboratory, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9641-749X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Wassim","family":"Jmal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Embedded System Laboratory, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0562-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrine","family":"Khriji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Measurement and Sensor Technology, Technische Universit\u00e4t Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Stra\u00dfe 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1764-6601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhouha","family":"El Houssaini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Measurement and Sensor Technology, Technische Universit\u00e4t Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Stra\u00dfe 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Trigona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D.I.E.E.I.\u2014Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Embedded System Laboratory, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7166-1266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olfa","family":"Kanoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Measurement and Sensor Technology, Technische Universit\u00e4t Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Stra\u00dfe 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yar, H., Imran, A.S., Khan, Z.A., Sajjad, M., and Kastrati, Z. 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