{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T04:36:44Z","timestamp":1780115804988,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), Interreg V-A, Italy-Croatia Cross-Border Cooperation Programme","award":["Subsidy Contract n. 10046731"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Subsidy Contract n. 10046731"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The ability to observe the world has seen significant developments in the last few decades, alongside the techniques and methodologies to derive accurate digital replicas of observed environments. Underwater ecosystems present greater challenges and remain largely unexplored, but the need for reliable and up-to-date information motivated the birth of the Interreg Italy\u2013Croatia SUSHI DROP Project (SUstainable fiSHeries wIth DROnes data Processing). The aim of the project is to map ecosystems for sustainable fishing and to achieve this goal a prototype of an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV), named Blucy, has been designed and developed. Blucy was deployed during project missions for surveying the benthic zone in deep waters of the Adriatic Sea with non-invasive techniques compared to the use of trawl nets. This article describes the strategies followed, the instruments applied and the challenges to be overcome to obtain an accurately georeferenced underwater survey with the goal of creating a marine digital twin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22030744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T21:01:51Z","timestamp":1642626111000},"page":"744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Underwater Drone Architecture for Marine Digital Twin: Lessons Learned from SUSHI DROP Project"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5896-1088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Lambertini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8768-8984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Menghini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI) \u201cGuglielmo Marconi\u201d, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5428-514X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacopo","family":"Cimini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences (BIGEA), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0338-0742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Odetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Research Council\u2014Institute of Marine Engineering (CNR\u2014INM), 16149 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9569-1160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele","family":"Bruzzone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Research Council\u2014Institute of Marine Engineering (CNR\u2014INM), 16149 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5345-2292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Bibuli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Research Council\u2014Institute of Marine Engineering (CNR\u2014INM), 16149 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4822-1577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Mandanici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9815-1004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Vittuari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5754-5616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Castaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI) \u201cGuglielmo Marconi\u201d, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4482-4541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Caccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Research Council\u2014Institute of Marine Engineering (CNR\u2014INM), 16149 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0637-9472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"De Marchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI) \u201cGuglielmo Marconi\u201d, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"DRAFT Modeling, Simulation, Information Technology & Processing Roadmap","volume":"11","author":"Shafto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Technol. 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