{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T14:43:37Z","timestamp":1774968217501,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008904","name":"Taipei City Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TPCH-110-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TPCH-110-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008904","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Early identification of cognitive impairment would allow affected patients to receive care at earlier stage. Changes in the arterial stiffness have been identified as a prominent pathological feature of dementia. This study aimed to verify if applying machine-learning analysis to spectral indices of the arterial pulse waveform can be used to discriminate different cognitive conditions of community subjects. 3-min Radial arterial blood pressure waveform (BPW) signals were measured noninvasively in 123 subjects. Eight machine-learning algorithms were used to evaluate the following 4 pulse indices for 10 harmonics (total 40 BPW spectral indices): amplitude proportion and its coefficient of variation; phase angle and its standard deviation. Significant differences were noted in the spectral pulse indices between Alzheimer\u2019s-disease patients and control subjects. Using them as training data (AUC = 70.32% by threefold cross-validation), a significant correlation (R2 = 0.36) was found between the prediction probability of the test data (comprising community subjects at two sites) and the Mini-Mental-State-Examination score. This finding illustrates possible physiological connection between arterial pulse transmission and cognitive function. The present findings from pulse-wave and machine-learning analyses may be useful for discriminating cognitive condition, and hence in the development of a user-friendly, noninvasive, and rapid method for the early screening of dementia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22030806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,23]],"date-time":"2022-01-23T20:34:40Z","timestamp":1642970080000},"page":"806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Discrimination of the Cognitive Function of Community Subjects Using the Arterial Pulse Spectrum and Machine-Learning Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6761-3774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsin","family":"Hsiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan"},{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Research Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0067-2280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shun-Ku","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei 106, Taiwan"},{"name":"General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan-Ling","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaw-Mew","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthcare, Taipei Veterans Home, New Taipei City 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Che-Kai","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Chien","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao-Tsung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei 106, Taiwan"},{"name":"General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"CD011145","article-title":"Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of dementia in clinically unevaluated people aged 65 and over in community and primary care populations","volume":"13","author":"Creavin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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