{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T04:02:58Z","timestamp":1770350578289,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) from the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia","award":["FRGS\/1\/2020\/TK0\/UNIMAP\/02\/41"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2020\/TK0\/UNIMAP\/02\/41"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005417","name":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UTM-TDR 06G17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UTM-TDR 06G17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005417","name":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UTMSHINE 09G18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UTMSHINE 09G18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fetal acidosis is one of the main concerns during labor. Currently, fetal blood sampling (FBS) has become the most accurate measurement of acidosis detection. However, it is invasive and does not provide a real time measurement due to laboratory procedures. Delays in diagnosis of acidosis have caused serious injury to the fetus, especially for the brain and the heart. This paper reviews the new technique in diagnosis of acidosis non-invasively. Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy (MIS) has been proposed to be a new device for acidosis detection in recent years. This paper explains the basic principle of MIS and outlines the design specifications and design considerations for a MIS pH probe. It is expected that readers will gain a basic understanding of the development of a MIS pH probe from this review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22041334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T06:02:15Z","timestamp":1644472935000},"page":"1334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Review on Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy Potential for Fetal Acidosis Examination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7175-6137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siti Fatimah","family":"Abdul Halim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Zulkarnay","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Medical Device & Life Sciences Cluster, Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5186-8876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaysuman","family":"Pusppanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Innovation & Technology Centre (SiTC), Institute of Human Centered Engineering (iHumen), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0410-3635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anas","family":"Mohd Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Medical Device & Life Sciences Cluster, Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Nasrul","family":"Norali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Medical Device & Life Sciences Cluster, Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0933-5566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Hafiz","family":"Fazalul Rahiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Siti Zarina","family":"Mohd Muji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Ruzairi","family":"Abdul Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7117-9381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Engku Ismail","family":"Engku-Husna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Muhamad Khairul","family":"Ali Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Device & Life Sciences Cluster, Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Juhairi","family":"Aziz Safar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Device & Life Sciences Cluster, Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Faizal","family":"Salleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Medical Device & Life Sciences Cluster, Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8953-2035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Hanafi","family":"Mat Som","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"},{"name":"Medical Device & Life Sciences Cluster, Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cummins, G., Kremer, J., Bernassau, A., Brown, A., Bridle, H.L., Schulze, H., Bachmann, T.T., Crichton, M., Denison, F.C., and Desmulliez, M.P.Y. 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