{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T14:17:24Z","timestamp":1779286644033,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXC 2050\/1 \u2013 Project ID 390696704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC 2050\/1 \u2013 Project ID 390696704"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the early 2020s, the coronavirus pandemic brought the notion of remotely connected care to the general population across the globe. Oftentimes, the timely provisioning of access to and the implementation of affordable care are drivers behind tele-healthcare initiatives. Tele-healthcare has already garnered significant momentum in research and implementations in the years preceding the worldwide challenge of 2020, supported by the emerging capabilities of communication networks. The Tactile Internet (TI) with human-in-the-loop is one of those developments, leading to the democratization of skills and expertise that will significantly impact the long-term developments of the provisioning of care. However, significant challenges remain that require today\u2019s communication networks to adapt to support the ultra-low latency required. The resulting latency challenge necessitates trans-disciplinary research efforts combining psychophysiological as well as technological solutions to achieve one millisecond and below round-trip times. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the benefits enabled by solving this network latency reduction challenge by employing state-of-the-art Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) devices in a testbed, realizing the service differentiation required for the multi-modal human-machine interface. With completely new types of services and use cases resulting from the TI, we describe the potential impacts on remote surgery and remote rehabilitation as examples, with a focus on the future of tele-healthcare in rural settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22041404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T20:34:45Z","timestamp":1644784485000},"page":"1404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Healing Hands: The Tactile Internet in Future Tele-Healthcare"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0745-2264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Senk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Network, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7536-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian","family":"Ulbricht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Network, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ievgenii","family":"Tsokalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mimetik GmbH, 01219 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9247-8156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justus","family":"Rischke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Network, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8409-5390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu-Chen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4590-1908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Speidel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), National Center for Tumor Diseases, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7008-1537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giang T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Chair of Haptic Communication Systems, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2770-0675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Seeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8469-9573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank H. 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