{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T04:03:34Z","timestamp":1777089814871,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61905155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61905155"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1913212"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1913212"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019B1515120042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019B1515120042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019A1515011393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019A1515011393"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515011925"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515011925"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen","award":["JCYJ20200109114020865"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20200109114020865"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen","award":["JCYJ20200109114201731"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20200109114201731"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A nondestructive measurement method based on an Optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) was demonstrated to achieve Young\u2019s modulus of an optical fiber. Such a method can be used to measure, not only the averaged Young\u2019s modulus within the measured fiber length, but also Young\u2019s modulus distribution along the optical fiber axis. Moreover, the standard deviation of the measured Young\u2019s modulus is calculated to analyze the measurement error. Young\u2019s modulus distribution of the coated and uncoated single mode fiber (SMF) samples was successfully measured along the optical fiber axis. The average Young\u2019s modulus of the coated and uncoated SMF samples was 13.75 \u00b1 0.14, and 71.63 \u00b1 0.43 Gpa, respectively, within the measured fiber length of 500 mm. The measured Young\u2019s modulus distribution along the optical fiber axis could be used to analyze the damage degree of the fiber, which is very useful to nondestructively estimate the service life of optical fiber sensors immersed into smart engineer structures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22041450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T20:58:03Z","timestamp":1644872283000},"page":"1450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Nondestructive Measurement Method of Optical Fiber Young\u2019s Modulus Based on OFDR"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education\/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Tings, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6886-3270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cailing","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education\/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Tings, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Huajian","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education\/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Tings, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education\/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Tings, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Kuikui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education\/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Tings, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Yanjie","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education\/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Tings, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education\/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Tings, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9417-2019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education\/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Tings, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7730-8906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education\/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Tings, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1364\/JOT.77.000344","article-title":"The bending of a quartz fiber with a nonconcentric protective coating","volume":"77","author":"Makovetskii","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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