{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T20:14:24Z","timestamp":1762460064541,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (Spain) and by European Regional Development Fund","award":["RTI2018-099041-B-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTI2018-099041-B-I00"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"Generalitat Valenciana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PROMETEO\/2019\/048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROMETEO\/2019\/048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellin","award":["Hermes 50069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Hermes 50069"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, the design, building, and testing of the most portable, easy-to-build, robust, handheld, and cost-effective Fourier Lightfield Microscope (FLMic) to date is reported. The FLMic is built by means of a surveillance camera lens and additional off-the-shelf optical elements, resulting in a cost-effective FLMic exhibiting all the regular sought features in lightfield microscopy, such as refocusing and gathering 3D information of samples by means of a single-shot approach. The proposed FLMic features reduced dimensions and light weight, which, combined with its low cost, turn the presented FLMic into a strong candidate for in-field application where 3D imaging capabilities are pursued. The use of cost-effective optical elements has a relatively low impact on the optical performance, regarding the figures dictated by the theory, while its price can be at least 100 times lower than that of a regular FLMic. The system operability is tested in both bright-field and fluorescent modes by imaging a resolution target, a honeybee wing, and a knot of dyed cotton fibers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22041459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T20:58:03Z","timestamp":1644872283000},"page":"1459","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Handheld and Cost-Effective Fourier Lightfield Microscope"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Galdon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Imaging and Display Laboratory, Department of Optics, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Imaging and Display Laboratory, Department of Optics, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}]},{"given":"Genaro","family":"Saavedra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Imaging and Display Laboratory, Department of Optics, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3449-6094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Garcia-Sucerquia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Imaging and Display Laboratory, Department of Optics, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"},{"name":"School of Physics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin 050034, Colombia"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Barreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Imaging and Display Laboratory, Department of Optics, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1449-8976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Martinez-Corral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Imaging and Display Laboratory, Department of Optics, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Sanchez-Ortiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Imaging and Display Laboratory, Department of Optics, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20792","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.24.020792","article-title":"Resolution improvements in integral microscopy with Fourier plane recording","volume":"24","author":"Llavador","year":"2016","journal-title":"Opt. 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