{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T13:44:43Z","timestamp":1762177483029,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004686","name":"King Faisal University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17122015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17122015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004686","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, a neural adaptive fault-tolerant control scheme is proposed for the integrated attitude and position control of spacecraft proximity operations in the presence of unknown parameters, disturbances, and actuator faults. The proposed controller is made up of a relative attitude control law and a relative position control law. Both the relative attitude control law and relative position control law are designed by adopting the neural networks (NNs) to approximate the upper bound of the lumped unknowns. Benefiting from the indirect neural approximation, the proposed controller does not need any model information for feedback. In addition, only two adaptive parameters are required for the indirect neural approximation, and the online calculation burden of the proposed controller is therefore significantly reduced. Lyapunov analysis shows that the overall closed-loop system is ultimately uniformly bounded. The proposed controller can ensure the relative attitude, angular velocity, position, and velocity stabilize into the small neighborhoods around the origin. Lastly, the effectiveness and superior performance of the proposed control scheme are confirmed by a simulated example.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22051726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:53:26Z","timestamp":1645664006000},"page":"1726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Indirect-Neural-Approximation-Based Fault-Tolerant Integrated Attitude and Position Control of Spacecraft Proximity Operations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3723-4532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fawaz W.","family":"Alsaade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7902-407X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qijia","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9149-1604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed S.","family":"Al-zahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Networks and Communications, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9501-8331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali S.","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Hadi","family":"Jahanshahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.2514\/1.17498","article-title":"Adaptive output feedback control for spacecraft rendezvous and docking under measurement uncertainty","volume":"29","author":"Singla","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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