{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T08:41:20Z","timestamp":1780389680298,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["825473"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["825473"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities","award":["RTI2018-096116-B-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTI2018-096116-B-I00"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KK-2020\/00042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KK-2020\/00042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IT1324-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT1324-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The fast growth in the amount of connected devices with computing capabilities in the past years has enabled the emergence of a new computing layer at the Edge. Despite being resource-constrained if compared with cloud servers, they offer lower latencies than those achievable by Cloud computing. The combination of both Cloud and Edge computing paradigms can provide a suitable infrastructure for complex applications\u2019 quality of service requirements that cannot easily be achieved with either of these paradigms alone. These requirements can be very different for each application, from achieving time sensitivity or assuring data privacy to storing and processing large amounts of data. Therefore, orchestrating these applications in the Cloud\u2013Edge computing raises new challenges that need to be solved in order to fully take advantage of this layered infrastructure. This paper proposes an architecture that enables the dynamic orchestration of applications in the Cloud\u2013Edge continuum. It focuses on the application\u2019s quality of service by providing the scheduler with input that is commonly used by modern scheduling algorithms. The architecture uses a distributed scheduling approach that can be customized in a per-application basis, which ensures that it can scale properly even in setups with high number of nodes and complex scheduling algorithms. This architecture has been implemented on top of Kubernetes and evaluated in order to asses its viability to enable more complex scheduling algorithms that take into account the quality of service of applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22051755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:53:26Z","timestamp":1645664006000},"page":"1755","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Quality of Service Aware Orchestration for Cloud\u2013Edge Continuum Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2919-5799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Orive","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda de Sistemas y Autom\u00e1tica, University of the Basque Country, 48013 Bilbao, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4377-8835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aitor","family":"Agirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ikerlan, 20500 Mondragon, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1465-9722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong-Linh","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2779-750X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Sarachaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda de Sistemas y Autom\u00e1tica, University of the Basque Country, 48013 Bilbao, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5570-1072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marga","family":"Marcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda de Sistemas y Autom\u00e1tica, University of the Basque Country, 48013 Bilbao, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2017.9","article-title":"The Emergence of Edge Computing","volume":"50","author":"Satyanarayanan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2018.1700175","article-title":"Consolidate IoT Edge Computing with Lightweight Virtualization","volume":"32","author":"Morabito","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Netw."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Docker Inc. 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