{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T10:46:27Z","timestamp":1768992387521,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61775070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61775070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NSFC-RS Exchange Programme","award":["62111530153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62111530153"]}]},{"name":"the Royal Society International Exchanges 2020 Cost Share (NSFC) of United Kingdom","award":["IEC\\NSFC\\201015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IEC\\NSFC\\201015"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010877","name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021Szvup089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Szvup089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010877","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A large-dynamic-range and high-stability phase demodulation technology for fiber-optic Michelson interferometric sensors is proposed. This technology utilizes two output signals from a 2 \u00d7 2 fiber-optic coupler, the interferometric phase difference of which is \u03c0. A linear-fitting trigonometric-identity-transformation differential cross-multiplication (LF-TIT-DCM) algorithm is used to interrogate the phase signal from the two output signals from the coupler. The interferometric phase differences from the two output signals from the 2 \u00d7 2 fiber-optic couplers with different coupling ratios are all equal to \u03c0, which ensures that the LF-TIT-DCM algorithm can be applied perfectly. A fiber-optic Michelson interferometric acoustic sensor is fabricated, and an acoustic signal testing system is built to prove the proposed phase demodulation technology. Experimental results show that excellent linearity is observed from 0.033 rad to 3.2 rad. Moreover, the influence of laser wavelength and optical power is researched, and variation below 0.47 dB is observed at different sound pressure levels (SPLs). Long-term stability over thirty minutes is tested, and fluctuation is less than 0.36 dB. The proposed phase demodulation technology obtains large dynamic range and high stability at rather low cost.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22072488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T23:31:43Z","timestamp":1648164703000},"page":"2488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Large-Dynamic-Range and High-Stability Phase Demodulation Technology for Fiber-Optic Michelson Interferometric Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Wanjin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8431-1444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Jiangshan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2901-7434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK"}]},{"given":"Deming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.1987.1075588","article-title":"A fiber-optic interferometric seismometer","volume":"5","author":"Gardner","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. 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