{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T08:50:07Z","timestamp":1776329407660,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optical chemical sensors are widely applied in many fields of modern analytical practice, due to their simplicity in preparation and signal acquisition, low costs, and fast response time. Moreover, the construction of most modern optical sensors requires neither wire connections with the detector nor sophisticated and energy-consuming hardware, enabling wireless sensor development for a fast, in-field and online analysis. In this review, the last five years of progress (from 2017 to 2021) in the field of optical chemical sensors development for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is provided. The operating mechanisms, the transduction principles and the types of sensing materials employed in single selective optical sensors and in multisensory systems are reviewed. The selected examples of optical sensors applications are reported to demonstrate the benefits and drawbacks of optical chemical sensor use for POPs assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22072649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T21:28:39Z","timestamp":1648675719000},"page":"2649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Advances in Optical Sensors for Persistent Organic Pollutant Environmental Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Caroleo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2140-0110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele","family":"Magna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8443-4831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario Luigi","family":"Naitana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Lorena","family":"Di Zazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Martini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1634-6586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Pizzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Mounika","family":"Muduganti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1137-6973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larisa","family":"Lvova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Mandoj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Nardis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8563-8043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Stefanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0543-4348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corrado","family":"Di Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2380-1404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Paolesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, January 31). 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