{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T01:41:19Z","timestamp":1783129279218,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NO. 62105279,  NO. 62065001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO. 62105279,  NO. 62065001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>For decades, optical fiber interferometers have been extensively studied and applied for their inherent advantages. With the rapid development of science and technology, fiber sensors with higher detection sensitivity are needed on many occasions. As an effective way to improve measurement sensitivity, Vernier effect fiber sensors have drawn great attention during the last decade. Similar to the Vernier caliper, the optical Vernier effect uses one interferometer as a fixed part of the Vernier scale and the other as a sliding part of the Vernier scale. This paper first illustrates the principle of the optical Vernier effect, then different configurations used to produce the Vernier effect are classified and discussed. Finally, the outlook for Vernier effect fiber sensors is presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22072694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T21:34:29Z","timestamp":1648762469000},"page":"2694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Advanced Fiber Sensors Based on the Vernier Effect"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7471-3271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunhao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1254-2280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianing","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics8070265","article-title":"In-Fiber Interferometric-Based Sensors: Overview and Recent Advances","volume":"8","author":"Miliou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Photonics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yofte.2006.03.004","article-title":"Recent progress in fiber-optic extrinsic Fabry\u2013Perot interferometric sensors","volume":"12","author":"Rao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Opt. 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