{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T13:47:53Z","timestamp":1769521673426,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]],"date-time":"2022-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 51964043 and U1903216, the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 2019D01C023, and PhD Research Startup Fund of Xinjiang University (no. BS620321027).","award":["51964043 and U1903216; 2019D01C023;no. BS620321027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51964043 and U1903216; 2019D01C023;no. BS620321027"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The question of how to mine safely in close multi coal seams is the main concern for coal operators, in particular for large-dip coal seams with complex geological and mechanical conditions. This paper presents a detailed similarity simulation on the movement characteristics of the overburden and the stress distribution of underlying strata in terms of a specific coal mine in the Tielieke mining area of the Kubai coalfield via a three-dimensional photogrammetry system and a high-speed static resistance analyzer. The results show that the overburden strata are asymmetrically deformed around the coal pillar and the fracture area is perpendicular to the longwall with an \u201cM\u201d shape when deeper coal is mined. Moreover, the asymmetric movement of overburden results in the non-uniform distribution of stress on the floor of the coal pillar and ribs. In particular, stress is closely related to the location of the longwall, and stress of the coal pillar is much larger when it is closer to the deep side. The floor stress relief degree of the longwall in the deep zone is higher than that of its counterparts, providing a theoretical foundation for a reasonable layout and a support technique for roadways. The main contribution of this research that it can be used as a reference in maintaining the integrity of surrounding rock for large-dip coal seams with close distances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22072761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]],"date-time":"2022-04-03T06:04:01Z","timestamp":1648965841000},"page":"2761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Similarity Simulation on the Movement Characteristics of Surrounding Rock and Floor Stress Distribution for Large-Dip Coal Seam"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Wenxiang","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geology and Mines Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4981-1176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honglin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geology and Mines Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining for Minerals Resources at Universities of Education, Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinjian","family":"Hang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xuzhou Mining Group Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongzhi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geology and Mines Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guodong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geology and Mines Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Further on the sustainable mining of coal","volume":"43","author":"Qian","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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