{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T21:30:26Z","timestamp":1776288626617,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003654","name":"Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\"Technology Development Project for Biological Hazards Management in Indoor Air\" Project, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE)(G232021010381)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\"Technology Development Project for Biological Hazards Management in Indoor Air\" Project, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE)(G232021010381)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003654","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2018M3A9F1023691"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018M3A9F1023691"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020M3A9E410438511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020M3A9E410438511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Miniaturization and wireless continuous glucose monitoring are key factors for the successful management of diabetes. Electrochemical sensors are very versatile and can be easily miniaturized for wireless glucose monitoring. The authors report a microneedle-based enzyme-free electrochemical wireless sensor for painless and continuous glucose monitoring. The microneedles (MNs) fabricated consist of a 3 \u00d7 5 sharp and stainless-steel electrode array configuration. Each MN in the 3 \u00d7 5 array has 575 \u00b5m \u00d7 150 \u00b5m in height and width, respectively. A glucose-catalyzing layer, porous platinum black, was electrochemically deposited on the tips of the MNs by applying a fixed cathodic current of 2.5 mA cm\u22122 for a period of 200 s. For the non-interference glucose sensing, the platinum (Pt)-black-coated MN was carefully packaged into a biocompatible ionomer, nafion. The surface morphologies of the bare and modified MNs were studied using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The wireless glucose sensor displayed a broad linear range of glucose (1\u219230 mM), a good sensitivity and higher detection limit of 145.33 \u03bcA mM\u22121 cm\u22122 and 480 \u03bcM, respectively, with bare AuMN as a counter electrode. However, the wireless device showed an improved sensitivity and enhanced detection limit of 445.75, 165.83 \u03bcA mM\u22121 cm\u22122 and 268 \u03bcM, respectively, with the Pt-black-modified MN as a counter electrode. The sensor also exhibited a very good response time (2 s) and a limited interference effect on the detection of glucose in the presence of other electroactive oxidizing species, indicating a very fast and interference-free chronoamperometric response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22072787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T11:26:07Z","timestamp":1649157967000},"page":"2787","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Sensitive Electrochemical Non-Enzymatic Detection of Glucose Based on Wireless Data Transmission"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3511-3438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Joon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam 13120, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Somasekhar R.","family":"Chinnadayyala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sensors and Aerosols Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9266-2447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hien T. Ngoc","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam 13120, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3839-6410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sungbo","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam 13120, Korea"},{"name":"Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Incheon 21999, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galicia-Garcia, U., Benito-Vicente, A., Jebari, S., Larrea-Sebal, A., Siddiqi, H., Uribe, K.B., Ostolaza, H., and Mart\u00edn, C. (2020). Pathophysi-ology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int. J. Mol. 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