{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T20:23:26Z","timestamp":1775766206411,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007614","name":"Al Jouf University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DSR-2021-02-0326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DSR-2021-02-0326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007614","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>One of the leading healthcare concerns worldwide is the aging population. Aged patients require more significant healthcare resources because they are more likely to have chronic diseases that result in higher healthcare expenses. The design and implementation of e-health solutions, which offer patients mobile services to assist and enhance their treatment based on monitoring specific physiological data, is one of the key achievements in medical information technology. In the last few decades, there have been tremendous advancements in healthcare technology regarding mobility, size, speed, and communication. However, the critical drawback of today\u2019s e-Health monitoring systems is that patients are confined to smart rooms and beds with monitoring gadgets. Such tracking is not widespread due to chronic patients\u2019 mobility, privacy, and flexibility issues. Further, health monitoring devices that are fastened to a patient\u2019s body do not give any analysis or advice. To improve the health monitoring process, a multi-agent-based system for health monitoring is provided in this study, which entails a group of intelligent agents that gather patient data, reason together, and propose actions to patients and medical professionals in a mobile context. A multi-agent-based framework presented in this study is evaluated through a case study. The results show that the proposed system provides an efficient health monitoring system for chronic, aged, and remote patients. Further, the proposed approach outperforms the existing mHealth system, allowing for timely health facilities for remote patients using 5G technology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22082820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T21:08:22Z","timestamp":1649365702000},"page":"2820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Agent-Based Medical Health Monitoring System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6339-2257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mamoona","family":"Humayun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8116-4733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor Z.","family":"Jhanjhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCE), Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Almotilag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Maram Fahhad","family":"Almufareh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2017.11.001","article-title":"Health care expenditures, age, proximity to death and morbidity: Implications for an ageing population","volume":"57","author":"Howdon","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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