{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T05:35:48Z","timestamp":1772084148022,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006261","name":"Taif University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TURSP-2020\/231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TURSP-2020\/231"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>For analytical approach-based word recognition techniques, the task of segmenting the word into individual characters is a big challenge, specifically for cursive handwriting. For this, a holistic approach can be a better option, wherein the entire word is passed to an appropriate recognizer. Gurumukhi script is a complex script for which a holistic approach can be proposed for offline handwritten word recognition. In this paper, the authors propose a Convolutional Neural Network-based architecture for recognition of the Gurumukhi month names. The architecture is designed with five convolutional layers and three pooling layers. The authors also prepared a dataset of 24,000 images, each with a size of 50 \u00d7 50. The dataset was collected from 500 distinct writers of different age groups and professions. The proposed method achieved training and validation accuracies of about 97.03% and 99.50%, respectively for the proposed dataset.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22082881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T05:13:08Z","timestamp":1649481188000},"page":"2881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Visualization of Customized Convolutional Neural Network for Natural Language Recognition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Tajinder","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chitkara College of Applied Engineering, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheifali","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meenu","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3207-5248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepali","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hashem","family":"Alyami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4915-8426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divya","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144401, Punjab, India"},{"name":"Higher Polytechnic School, Universidad Europea del Atl\u00e1ntico, C\/Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3692-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturo","family":"Ortega-Mansilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Polytechnic School, Universidad Europea del Atl\u00e1ntico, C\/Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7878-363X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nitin","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1109\/34.57669","article-title":"The state of the art in online handwriting recognition","volume":"12","author":"Tappert","year":"1990","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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