{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T07:17:32Z","timestamp":1768547852705,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,23]],"date-time":"2022-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Leipzig University of Applied Sciences","award":["04277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04277"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the most promising solutions for the supervision of multiple phenomena and for the digitisation of the Internet of Things (IoT). The Wake-up Receiver (WuRx) is one of the most trivial and effective solutions for energy-constrained networks. This technology allows energy-autonomous on-demand communication for continuous monitoring instead of the conventional radio. The routing process is one of the most energy and time-consuming processes in WSNs. It is, hence, crucial to conceive an energy-efficient routing process. In this paper, we propose a novel Wake-up Receiver-based routing protocol called Clustered WuRx based on Multicast wake-up (CWM), which ensures energy optimisation and time-efficiency at the same time for indoor scenarios. In our proposed approach, the network is divided into clusters. Each Fog Node maintains the routes from each node in its cluster to it. When a sink requires information from a given node, it\u2019s corresponding Fog Node uses a multicast wake-up mechanism to wake up the intended node and all the intermediate nodes that will be used in the routing process simultaneously. Measurement results demonstrate that our proposed approach exhibits higher energy efficiency and has drastic performance improvements in the delivery delay compared with other routing protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22093254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,24]],"date-time":"2022-04-24T00:45:21Z","timestamp":1650761121000},"page":"3254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Wake-Up Receiver-Based Routing for Clustered Multihop Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3337-1495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Weber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Diagnostic and Online Monitoring, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, W\u00e4chterstrasse 13, 04107 Leipzig, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0427-5127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghofrane","family":"Fersi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory on Development and Control of Distributed Applications (ReDCAD), National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2905-0648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Fromm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Diagnostic and Online Monitoring, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, W\u00e4chterstrasse 13, 04107 Leipzig, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7038-8157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faouzi","family":"Derbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Diagnostic and Online Monitoring, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, W\u00e4chterstrasse 13, 04107 Leipzig, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.010.2100152","article-title":"Integrating Sensing and Communications for Ubiquitous IoT: Applications, Trends, and Challenges","volume":"35","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Netw."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.3390\/smartcities4030064","article-title":"Cloud-based IoT applications and their roles in smart cities","volume":"4","author":"Alam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Smart Cities"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girish, S.V., Prakash, R., and Balaji Ganesh, A. 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