{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T05:18:39Z","timestamp":1775020719601,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection (China Electric Power Research Institute)","award":["GYW51202101367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GYW51202101367"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gas\u2013oil separation by membrane stands for a promising technique in dissolved gas analysis (DGA). Since the accuracy of DGA relies on the results of gas\u2013oil separation to a great extent, it is necessary to study the influence factor of membrane for better performance. Although plentiful studies have been conducted aiming at membrane modification to obtain better separation performance, it cannot be ignored that the conditions of oil also affect the performance of membrane much. In this work, a photoacoustic spectroscopy-based sensor for DGA, which employed membrane for gas\u2013oil separation, was established first. By detecting the photoacoustic signal, the performance of membrane could be evaluated. Furthermore, the influences of feed velocity and pressure have on the performance of membrane were analyzed. Both simulation and experiment were employed in this work to evaluate the influences by collecting the equilibrium time of membrane under different conditions. As a result, the simulation and experiment agreed with each other well. Moreover, it was reasonable to draw the conclusion that the equilibrium time was evidently reduced with the raise of feed velocity but remained with a minimum change when pressure changed. The conclusion may serve as a reference for the application of membrane in optical sensor and DGA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22103629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T21:52:11Z","timestamp":1652219531000},"page":"3629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Influence of Oil Status on Membrane-Based Gas\u2013Oil Separation in DGA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0137-5766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tunan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6042-0849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenghai","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Xiongjie","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Guoqiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2021.166525","article-title":"Detection of trace C2H2 in N2 buffer gas with cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic spectrometer","volume":"232","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2021.167440","article-title":"Portable ppb-level acetylene photoacoustic sensor for transformer on-field measurement","volume":"243","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2017.06.064","article-title":"Highly gas permeable, ultrathin Teflon AF2400\/\u03b3-alumina composite hollow fiber membranes for dissolved gas analysis","volume":"540","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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