{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T17:02:57Z","timestamp":1778778177365,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The estimation of the sEMG\u2013force relationship is an open problem in the scientific literature; current methods show different limitations and can achieve good performance only on limited scenarios, failing to identify a general solution to the optimization of this kind of analysis. In this work, this relationship has been estimated on two different datasets related to isometric force-tracking experiments by calculating the sEMG amplitude using different fixed-time constant moving-window filters, as well as an adaptive time-varying algorithm. Results show how the adaptive methods might be the most appropriate choice for the estimation of the correlation between the sEMG signal and the force time course. Moreover, the comparison between adaptive and standard filters highlights how the time constants exploited in the estimation strategy is not the only influence factor on this kind of analysis; a time-varying approach is able to constantly capture more information with respect to fixed stationary approaches with comparable window lengths.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22113972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:14:14Z","timestamp":1653437654000},"page":"3972","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Influence of the sEMG Amplitude Estimation Technique on the EMG\u2013Force Relationship"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7849-0893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Ranaldi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial, Electronics and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, 00154 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9057-577X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Corvini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial, Electronics and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, 00154 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"De Marchis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering, University of Messina, 98158 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7323-5220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Conforto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial, Electronics and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, 00154 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2005.03.001","article-title":"Clinical applications of surface electromyography in neuromuscular disorders","volume":"35","author":"Hogrel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurophysiol. 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