{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T16:18:01Z","timestamp":1781194681555,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, Qassim University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Skin Cancer (SC) is considered the deadliest disease in the world, killing thousands of people every year. Early SC detection can increase the survival rate for patients up to 70%, hence it is highly recommended that regular head-to-toe skin examinations are conducted to determine whether there are any signs or symptoms of SC. The use of Machine Learning (ML)-based methods is having a significant impact on the classification and detection of SC diseases. However, there are certain challenges associated with the accurate classification of these diseases such as a lower detection accuracy, poor generalization of the models, and an insufficient amount of labeled data for training. To address these challenges, in this work we developed a two-tier framework for the accurate classification of SC. During the first stage of the framework, we applied different methods for data augmentation to increase the number of image samples for effective training. As part of the second tier of the framework, taking into consideration the promising performance of the Medical Vision Transformer (MVT) in the analysis of medical images, we developed an MVT-based classification model for SC. This MVT splits the input image into image patches and then feeds these patches to the transformer in a sequence structure, like word embedding. Finally, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) is used to classify the input image into the corresponding class. Based on the experimental results achieved on the Human Against Machine (HAM10000) datasets, we concluded that the proposed MVT-based model achieves better results than current state-of-the-art techniques for SC classification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22114008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T08:41:33Z","timestamp":1653468093000},"page":"4008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["An Effective Skin Cancer Classification Mechanism via Medical Vision Transformer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4349-8710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suliman","family":"Aladhadh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2381-1223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Majed","family":"Alsanea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computing Department, Arabeast Colleges, Riyadh 13544, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1655-8098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Aloraini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taimoor","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6543-2520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shabana","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2379-4451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Onaizah Colleges, Unaizah 56447, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"2477","article-title":"Skin Lesion Segmentation and Classification Using Conventional and Deep Learning Based Framework","volume":"71","author":"Bibi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. 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