{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:29:38Z","timestamp":1760228978702,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61962033","201903a06020026","KJ2021ZD0128","zrjz2017003","zrjz2019011","2020qd16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61962033","201903a06020026","KJ2021ZD0128","zrjz2017003","zrjz2019011","2020qd16"]}]},{"name":"the Anhui Science and Technology Major Special","award":["61962033","201903a06020026","KJ2021ZD0128","zrjz2017003","zrjz2019011","2020qd16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61962033","201903a06020026","KJ2021ZD0128","zrjz2017003","zrjz2019011","2020qd16"]}]},{"name":"the Anhui Provincial Education Department project","award":["61962033","201903a06020026","KJ2021ZD0128","zrjz2017003","zrjz2019011","2020qd16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61962033","201903a06020026","KJ2021ZD0128","zrjz2017003","zrjz2019011","2020qd16"]}]},{"name":"Chuzhou University projects","award":["61962033","201903a06020026","KJ2021ZD0128","zrjz2017003","zrjz2019011","2020qd16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61962033","201903a06020026","KJ2021ZD0128","zrjz2017003","zrjz2019011","2020qd16"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Barrier coverage is a fundamental issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Most existing works have developed centralized algorithms and applied the Boolean Sensing Model (BSM). However, the critical characteristics of sensors and environmental conditions have been neglected, which leads to the problem that the developed mechanisms are not practical, and their performance shows a large difference in real applications. On the other hand, the centralized algorithms also lack scalability and flexibility when the topologies of WSNs are dynamically changed. Based on the Elfes Sensing Model (ESM), this paper proposes a distributed Joint Surveillance Quality and Energy Conservation mechanism (JSQE), which aims to satisfy the requirements of the desired surveillance quality and minimize the number of working sensors. The proposed JSQE first evaluates the sensing probability of each sensor and identifies the location of the weakest surveillance quality. Then, the JSQE further schedules the sensor with the maximum contribution to the bottleneck location to improve the overall surveillance quality. Extensive experiment results show that our proposed JSQE outperforms the existing studies in terms of surveillance quality, the number of working sensors, and the efficiency and fairness of surveillance quality. In particular, the JSQE improves the surveillance quality by 15% and reduces the number of awake sensors by 22% compared with the relevant TOBA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22114120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T02:30:06Z","timestamp":1653964206000},"page":"4120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["JSQE: Joint Surveillance Quality and Energy Conservation for Barrier Coverage in WSNs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Shao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Information Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0672-5593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Yung","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Shenghui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Information Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2884-4809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin-Hwa","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9731-2534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diptendu Sinha","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Shillong 793003, India"}]},{"given":"Xinzhe","family":"Pi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Systems Information Science, Future University Hakodate, Hakodate 041-8655, Japan"}]},{"given":"Shin-Jer","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Management, Soochow University, Taipei 100006, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aej.2021.04.099","article-title":"Area and energy efficient shift and accumulator unit for object detection in IoT applications","volume":"61","author":"Hazarika","year":"2022","journal-title":"AEJ Alex. 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