{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T22:34:21Z","timestamp":1778106861542,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Indonesian Directorate of Research and Community Service, Ministry of Research and Technology","award":["12\/E1\/KP.PTNBH\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12\/E1\/KP.PTNBH\/2021"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010447","name":"National Research and Innovation Agency, Republic of Indonesia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12\/E1\/KP.PTNBH\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12\/E1\/KP.PTNBH\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010447","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Urbanization has accelerated the conversion of vegetated land to built-up regions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of urban park configuration on the Land Surface Temperature of the park and adjacent areas. In urban parks, the study analyzed the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and the Land Surface Temperature (LST). The NDVI categorization process resulted in the development of a vegetation density distribution. The majority of Medan\u2019s urban areas were categorized as low density, as seen by their low NDVI values. The NDBI values were significantly higher in the majority of the area. This shows that the majority of places are experiencing a decline in vegetation cover. The density of vegetation varies according to the placement of park components such as trees, mixed plants, recreation, and sports areas. According to LST data, the temperature in the urban park was cooler than in the surrounding areas. Although the surrounding areas are densely populated, urban parks are dominated by trees. Additionally, there is a green space adjacent to the park, which is a green lane that runs alongside the main roadways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22114168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T02:30:06Z","timestamp":1653964206000},"page":"4168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Urban Greening Effect on Land Surface Temperature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7131-1397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"Zaitunah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jalan Tri Dharma Ujung No 1, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia"},{"name":"JATI\u2014Sumatran Forestry Analysis Study Center, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samsuri","family":"Samsuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jalan Tri Dharma Ujung No 1, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia"},{"name":"JATI\u2014Sumatran Forestry Analysis Study Center, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelia Frecella","family":"Silitonga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jalan Tri Dharma Ujung No 1, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lailan","family":"Syaufina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.10.023","article-title":"Ecosystem services: Urban parks under a magnifying glass","volume":"160","author":"Mexia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. 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