{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T12:40:06Z","timestamp":1774010406062,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Slovenian Research Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P1-0034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P1-0034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Slovenian Research Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P2-0118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2-0118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Sport of the Republic of Slovenia","award":["P1-0034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P1-0034"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Sport of the Republic of Slovenia","award":["P2-0118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2-0118"]}]},{"name":"European Union under the European Regional Development Fund","award":["P1-0034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P1-0034"]}]},{"name":"European Union under the European Regional Development Fund","award":["P2-0118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2-0118"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The preconditioning and modification of the supporting electrode surface is an essential step in every biosensor architecture. In particular, when using screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPEs) as inexpensive and convenient disposable sensor substrates, their somewhat lower electrochemical (surface) reproducibility might represent a complex hurdle. Herein, we investigated the effect of selected preconditioning strategies, such as cyclic voltammetric pretreatment, in H2SO4 and H2O2 and plasma pretreatment with a positive and negative glow discharge, which all improved the electrochemical stability of the unmodified SPEs. Furthermore, we studied the influence of preconditioning strategies on the adsorption kinetics of the two most commonly used building blocks for biosensor preparation, i.e., bovine serum albumin (BSA) and protein A. We observed an advantageous effect of all the examined preconditioning strategies for the modification of SPEs with protein A, being the most effective the negative glow discharge. On the other hand, BSA exhibited a more complex adsorption behavior, with the negative glow discharge as the only generally beneficial preconditioning strategy providing the highest electrochemical stability. Protein A revealed a more substantial impact on the electrochemical signal attenuation than BSA considering their same concentrations in the modification solutions. For both BSA and protein A, we showed that the concentrations of 5 and 10 \u03bcg mL\u22121 already suffice for an electrochemically satisfactorily stable electrode surface after 60 min of incubation time, except for BSA at the positive-plasma-treated electrode.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22114186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T09:24:29Z","timestamp":1653989069000},"page":"4186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Effect of Preconditioning Strategies on the Adsorption of Model Proteins onto Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2092-4844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tea","family":"Romih","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Konjevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lea","family":"\u017dibret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5902-0634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ika","family":"Fazarinc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6437-2589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajda","family":"Beltram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7705-4996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Majer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8302-9284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matja\u017e","family":"Fin\u0161gar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samo B.","family":"Ho\u010devar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7799(00)88935-0","article-title":"Enzyme or protein immobilization techniques for applications in biosensor design","volume":"13","author":"Scouten","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-1723(01)80127-4","article-title":"On the adsorption of proteins on solid surfaces, a common but very complicated phenomenon","volume":"91","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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