{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T19:41:28Z","timestamp":1771702888524,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Research Fund (BOF) of Hasselt University","award":["BOF18DOC26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BOF18DOC26"]}]},{"name":"Special Research Fund (BOF) of Hasselt University","award":["848056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["848056"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BOF18DOC26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BOF18DOC26"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["848056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["848056"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The six-minute walk test (6MWT) provides an objective measurement of a person\u2019s functional exercise capacity. In this study, we developed a smartphone application that allows cardiac patients to do a self-administered 6MWT at home on a random trajectory. In a prospective study with 102 cardiovascular disease patients, we aimed to identify the optimal circumstances to perform a smartphone-measured 6MWT, i.e., the best algorithm and the best position to wear the smartphone during the test. Furthermore, we investigated if a random walk is as accurate as a standardized 6MWT. When considering both the reliability and accuracy of the distance walked, the best circumstances to perform a standardized smartphone-measured 6MWT are wearing the smartphone in a strap around the patient\u2019s arm and using an algorithm that relies on the processed step count data acquired from Google Fit. Furthermore, we demonstrated that a smartphone-measured walk along a random trajectory is as accurate to determine a cardiac patient\u2019s functional exercise capacity as a standardized (smartphone-measured) 6MWT. We conclude this paper by presenting how our 6MWT application can be used in a home setting to remotely follow up on cardiac patients\u2019 functional exercise capacity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22114277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T10:33:01Z","timestamp":1654252381000},"page":"4277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A Mobile Application to Perform the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) at Home: A Random Walk in the Park Is as Accurate as a Standardized 6MWT"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9483-3828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martijn","family":"Scherrenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Antwerp University, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0872-1721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cindel","family":"Bonneux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HCI and eHealth, Faculty of Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9443-8139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deeman","family":"Yousif Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HCI and eHealth, Faculty of Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium"},{"name":"BIOMED-REVAL-Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences,  Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Dendale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Coninx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HCI and eHealth, Faculty of Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories (2002). ATS Statement: Guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am. J. Respir. Crit. 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Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.12629","article-title":"Minimal clinically important difference for change in 6-minute walk test distance of adults with pathology: A systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Bohannon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Eval. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Canni\u00e8re, H., Corradi, F., Smeets, C.J.P., Schoutteten, M., Varon, C., Van Hoof, C., Van Huffel, S., Groenendaal, W., and Vandervoort, P. (2020). Wearable Monitoring and Interpretable Machine Learning Can Objectively Track Progression in Patients during Cardiac Rehabilitation. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20123601"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geurts, E., Van Geel, F., Feys, P., and Coninx, K. (2019). WalkWithMe: Personalized Goal Setting and Coaching for Walking in People with Multiple Sclerosis. 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Available online: https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/bring-science-home-estimating-height-walk\/:\/."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/22\/11\/4277\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:24:21Z","timestamp":1760138661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/22\/11\/4277"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["s22114277"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s22114277","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]}}}