{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T04:41:20Z","timestamp":1781757680828,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]],"date-time":"2022-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education","award":["NRF-2017R1A2B3011222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017R1A2B3011222"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education","award":["NK236F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NK236F"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003701","name":"KIMM Institutional Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2017R1A2B3011222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017R1A2B3011222"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003701","name":"KIMM Institutional Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NK236F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NK236F"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NST\/KIMM","award":["NRF-2017R1A2B3011222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017R1A2B3011222"]}]},{"name":"NST\/KIMM","award":["NK236F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NK236F"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The bifunctionality of chromism-integrated sensors and devices has been highlighted because of their reversibility, fast response, and visual indication. For example, one of the representative chromism electrochromic materials exhibits optical modulation under ion insertion\/extraction by applying a potential. This operation mechanism can be integrated with various sensors (pressure, strain, biomolecules, gas, etc.) and devices (energy conversion\/storage systems) as visual indicators for user-friendly operation. In this review, recent advances in the field of chromism-integrated systems for visual indicators are categorized for various chromism-integrated sensors and devices. This review can provide insights for researchers working on chromism, sensors, or devices. The integrated chromic devices are evaluated in terms of coloration-bleach operation, cycling stability, and coloration efficiency. In addition, the existing challenges and prospects for chromism-integrated sensors and devices are summarized for further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22114288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]],"date-time":"2022-06-04T09:42:32Z","timestamp":1654335752000},"page":"4288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Chromism-Integrated Sensors and Devices for Visual Indicators"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3189-5930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyunho","family":"Seok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sihoon","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinill","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanghwan","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kihong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changmin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Plasma Engineering, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nari","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34143, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taesung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea"},{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0018-9603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyeong-U","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plasma Engineering, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21852-7","article-title":"Flexible and high-performance elec-trochromic devices enabled by self-assembled 2D TiO2\/MXene heterostructures","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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