{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T16:23:20Z","timestamp":1761582200348,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Project of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Limited","award":["5226KY200079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5226KY200079"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>At present, the small resistance to ground system (SRGS) is mainly protected by fixed-time zero-sequence overcurrent protection, but its ability to detect transition resistance is only about 100 \u03a9, which is unable to detect single-phase high resistance grounding fault (SPHIF). This paper analyzes the zero-sequence characteristics of SPHIF for SRGS and proposes a SPHIF feeder detection method that uses the current\u2013voltage phase difference. The proposed method is as follows: first, the zero-sequence current phase of each feeder is calculated. Second, the phase voltage root mean square (RMS) value is used to determine the fault phase and obtain its initial phase as the reference value. The introduction of the initial phase of the fault phase voltage can highlight the fault characteristics and improve the sensitivity and reliability of feeder detection, and then CVPD is the difference between each feeder ZSC phase and the reference value. Finally, the magnitude of CVPD is judged. If the CVPD of a particular feeder meets the condition, the feeder is detected as the faulted feeder. Combining the theoretical and practical constraints, the specific adjustment principle and feeder detection logic are given. A large number of simulations show that the proposed method can be successfully detected under the conditions of 5000 \u03a9 transition resistance, \u20131 dB noise interference, and 40% data missing. Compared with existing methods, the proposed method uses phase voltages that are easy to measure to construct SPHIF feeder detection criteria, without adding additional measurement and communication devices, and can quickly achieve local isolation of SPHIF with better sensitivity, reliability, and immunity to interference.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22124646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T04:12:01Z","timestamp":1655871121000},"page":"4646","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Single-Phase High-Impedance Ground Faulty Feeder Detection Method for Small Resistance to Ground Systems Based on Current-Voltage Phase Difference"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Zequan","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"},{"name":"Electric Power Scientific Research Institute of State Grid Shaanxi Province Electric Power Company Limited, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yizhao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"},{"name":"Electric Power Scientific Research Institute of State Grid Shaanxi Province Electric Power Company Limited, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0478-0302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiandong","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanying","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6956-8708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenchao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"150","article-title":"High sensitive ground fault location in a low-resistance grounded system","volume":"49","author":"Liao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Power Syst. 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