{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T16:39:46Z","timestamp":1774456786170,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program","award":["020YFC2006703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["020YFC2006703"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program","award":["2140948504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2140948504"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program","award":["81871848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871848"]}]},{"name":"the Research and Development Program for the Application of the Wearable Medical Device in Exercise Health, Beijing Sport University","award":["020YFC2006703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["020YFC2006703"]}]},{"name":"the Research and Development Program for the Application of the Wearable Medical Device in Exercise Health, Beijing Sport University","award":["2140948504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2140948504"]}]},{"name":"the Research and Development Program for the Application of the Wearable Medical Device in Exercise Health, Beijing Sport University","award":["81871848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871848"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["020YFC2006703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["020YFC2006703"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2140948504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2140948504"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["81871848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871848"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. With wrist-worn wearables becoming increasingly available, it is important to understand their reliability and validity in different conditions. The primary objective of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Lexin Mio smart bracelet in measuring heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE) in people with different physical activity levels exercising at different intensities. Methods. A total of 65 participants completed one maximal oxygen uptake test and two running exercise tests wearing the Mio smart bracelet, the Polar H10 HR band, and a gas-analysis system. Results. In terms of HR measurement reliability, the Mio smart bracelet showed good reliability in a left versus right test and good test\u2013retest reliability (p &gt; 0.05; mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) &lt; 10%; intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) &gt; 0.4). For EE measurement, the Mio smart bracelet showed good reliability in a left versus right test, good test\u2013retest reliability on the right (p &gt; 0.05; MAPE &gt; 10%; ICC &gt; 0.4), and low test\u2013retest reliability on the left (p &gt; 0.05; MAPE &gt; 10%; ICC &lt; 0.4). Regarding validity, the Mio smart bracelet showed good validity for HR measurement (p &gt; 0.05; MAPE &lt; 10%; ICC &gt; 0.4) and low validity for EE measurement (p &lt; 0.05; MAPE &gt; 10%; ICC &lt; 0.4). Conclusion. The Lexin Mio smart bracelet showed good reliability and validity for HR measurement among people with different physical activity levels exercising at various exercise intensities in a laboratory setting. However, the smart bracelet showed good reliability and low validity for the estimation of EE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22134661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T04:12:01Z","timestamp":1655871121000},"page":"4661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Estimation of Heart Rate and Energy Expenditure Using a Smart Bracelet during Different Exercise Intensities: A Reliability and Validity Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3341-6750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yihui","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanxia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8611-5671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiya","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiayao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruobing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongxue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leyi","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9181-8155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoxin","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO Guidelines Approved by the Guidelines Review Committee (2010). 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