{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T12:24:13Z","timestamp":1781612653940,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","award":["JCYJ20170818160118360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20170818160118360"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Blood coagulation is a complicated dynamic process that maintains the blood\u2019s fluid state and prevents uncontrollable bleeding. The real-time monitoring of coagulation dynamics is critical for blood transfusion guidance, emergency management of trauma-induced coagulopathy, perioperative bleeding, and targeted hemostatic therapy. Here, we utilize optical vortex dynamics to detect the blood coagulation dynamic process in a rapid and non-contact manner. To characterize the temporal changes in viscoelastic properties of blood during coagulation, we track the stochastic motion of optical vortices in the time-varying speckles reflected from 100 blood samples with varied coagulation profiles. The mean square displacement (MSD) of the vortices increases nonlinearly with time lag during blood coagulation reminiscent of the particles in viscoelastic fluids. The MSD curves with coagulation time are similar to the tracings of thromboelastography (TEG) during the blood coagulation. The retrieved coagulation parameters, such as reaction time and activated clotting time measured using the optical vortex method, exhibit a close correlation to those parameters acquired from TEG. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the optical vortex method for monitoring blood coagulation at the point of care. Our method is also applicable to measuring the viscoelasticity of complex fluids and turbid soft matters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22134793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T22:50:23Z","timestamp":1656283823000},"page":"4793","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluation of Blood Coagulation by Optical Vortex Tracking"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jiaxing","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaowen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6074-0516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangbin","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjian","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(93)22003-X","article-title":"Introduction: Blood Coagulation","volume":"222","author":"Mann","year":"1993","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02225-X","article-title":"Blood Coagulation","volume":"355","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/1043454206298693","article-title":"Theories of Blood Coagulation","volume":"24","author":"Riddel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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