{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:42:26Z","timestamp":1765546946264,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFB0504400","63223052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB0504400","63223052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2018YFB0504400","63223052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB0504400","63223052"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The filamentation process under atmospheric turbulence is critical to its remote-sensing application. The effects of turbulence intensity and location on the spatial distribution of femtosecond laser filaments in the air were studied. The experimental results show that the nonlinear effect of the filament can restrain the beam wander. When the turbulence intensity was 3.31\u00d710\u221213\u00a0cm\u22122\/3, the mean deviation of the wander of the filament center was only 27% of that of the linear transmitted beam. The change in turbulence location would lead to a change in the standard deviation of the beam centroid drift. Results also show that the filament length would be shortened, and that the filament would end up earlier in a turbulent environment. Since the filamentation-based LIDAR has been highly expected as an evolution multitrace pollutant remote-sensing technique, the study promotes our understanding of how turbulence influences filamentation and advances atmospheric remote sensing by applying a filament.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22134995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T20:59:18Z","timestamp":1656968358000},"page":"4995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Beam Wander Restrained by Nonlinearity of Femtosecond Laser Filament in Air"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jiewei","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Jinpei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Binpeng","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Shishi","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Lie","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Tianjin 300350, China"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Tianjin 300350, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e58207","article-title":"Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing","volume":"146","author":"Springer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Jove-J. 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