{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T03:11:11Z","timestamp":1773889871207,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]],"date-time":"2022-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Microsystems Strategic Alliance of Quebec (ReSMiQ)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper proposes a novel integrated micro-viscometer for engine-oil monitoring. The final solution consists of a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) and an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The CMUT is used to generate and capture acoustic waves while immersed in engine oil. The low power transceiver ASIC is interfaced with the CMUT structure for actuation and reception. An integrated charge pump boosts the supply voltage from 3.3 to 22 V to generate the DC polarization voltage of the CMUT. The receiver has a power consumption of 72 \u00b5W with an input-referred noise current of 3.2pAHz and a bandwidth of 7 MHz. The CMUT array occupies an area of 3.5 \u00d7 1 mm, whereas the ASIC has a chip area of 1 \u00d7 1 mm. The system was tested using engine oils of different types and ages at different temperatures. Measurement results show a significant frequency shift due to the dynamic viscosity change that occurs as oil ages. A shift of \u22121.9 kHz\/cP was measured, which corresponds to a shift of 33 Hz\/mile. This work paves the way for high accuracy-integrated solutions for oil condition monitoring and is expected to play a significant role in a more economic and environmentally friendly usage of oil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22145157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T00:06:21Z","timestamp":1657497981000},"page":"5157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Design of an Integrated Micro-Viscometer for Monitoring Engine Oil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2372-0348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roufaida","family":"Bensalem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Animesh Saha","family":"Shovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Morency","family":"Trudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hani H.","family":"Tawfik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEMS Vision International Inc., Montreal, QC H4P 2R9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Allidina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEMS Vision International Inc., Montreal, QC H4P 2R9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7079-1181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohannad Y.","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEMS Vision International Inc., Montreal, QC H4P 2R9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4894-2350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mounir","family":"Boukadoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mourad N.","family":"El-Gamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tatiya, R.R. 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