{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:31:20Z","timestamp":1777422680697,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,10]],"date-time":"2022-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["51978079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51978079"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2018D-5007-0606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018D-5007-0606"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["T2020007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T2020007"]}]},{"name":"PetroChina Innovation Foundation","award":["51978079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51978079"]}]},{"name":"PetroChina Innovation Foundation","award":["2018D-5007-0606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018D-5007-0606"]}]},{"name":"PetroChina Innovation Foundation","award":["T2020007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T2020007"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding young and middle-aged scientific and technological innovation team plan of institutions of higher learning in Hubei Province","award":["51978079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51978079"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding young and middle-aged scientific and technological innovation team plan of institutions of higher learning in Hubei Province","award":["2018D-5007-0606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018D-5007-0606"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding young and middle-aged scientific and technological innovation team plan of institutions of higher learning in Hubei Province","award":["T2020007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T2020007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Impact force refers to a transient phenomenon with a very short-acting time, but a large impulse. Therefore, the detection of impact vibration is critical for the reliability, stability, and overall life of mechanical parts. Accordingly, this paper proposes a method to indirectly characterize the impact force by using an impact stress wave. The LS-DYNA software is utilized to establish the model of a ball impacting the steel plate, and the impact force of the ball and the impact response of the detection point are obtained through explicit dynamic finite element analysis. In addition, on this basis, a correspondence between the impact force and the impact response is established, and finally, an experimental platform for impact force detection is built for experimental testing. The results obtained by the finite element method are in good agreement with the experimental measurement results, and it can be inferred that the detected piezoelectric signal can be used to characterize the impact force. The method proposed herein can guide the impact resistance design and safety assessment of structures in actual engineering applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22145167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T00:06:21Z","timestamp":1657497981000},"page":"5167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Study on Impact Force Detection Method Based on Piezoelectric Sensing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6374-0941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianli","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China"},{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China"}]},{"given":"Chuang","family":"Hei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China"},{"name":"National Demonstration Center for Experimental Electrotechnics and Electronics Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China"}]},{"given":"Mingzhang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5156-033X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changhe","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China"}]},{"given":"Ankang","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2012.08.011","article-title":"Distributed coordination algorithm for impact location of preciseness and real-time on composite structures","volume":"46","author":"Liang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.2514\/1.34895","article-title":"Monitoring Impact Events Using a System-Identification Method","volume":"47","author":"Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIAA J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2021.108406","article-title":"Generalized spatial smoothing in bistatic EMVS-MIMO radar","volume":"193","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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