{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T14:56:32Z","timestamp":1776783392566,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62103381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62103381"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62173020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62173020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ21F030005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ21F030005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022MB0AL01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022MB0AL01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62103381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62103381"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62173020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62173020"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LQ21F030005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ21F030005"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022MB0AL01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022MB0AL01"]}]},{"name":"Center-initiated Research Project of Zhejiang Lab","award":["62103381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62103381"]}]},{"name":"Center-initiated Research Project of Zhejiang Lab","award":["62173020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62173020"]}]},{"name":"Center-initiated Research Project of Zhejiang Lab","award":["LQ21F030005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ21F030005"]}]},{"name":"Center-initiated Research Project of Zhejiang Lab","award":["2022MB0AL01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022MB0AL01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds play a large role in advanced quantum sensing with solid-state spins for potential miniaturized and portable application scenarios. With the temperature sensitivity of NV centers, the temperature fluctuations caused by the unknown environment and the system itself will mix with the magnetic field measurement. In this research, the temperature-sensitive characteristics of different diamonds, alongside the temperature noise generated by a measurement system, were tested and analyzed with a homemade NV magnetometer in a fiber-optic scheme. In this work, a multi-frequency synchronous manipulation method for resonating with the NV centers in all axial directions was proposed to compensate for the temperature fluctuations in a fibered NV magnetic field sensing scheme. The symmetrical features of the resonance lines of the NV centers, the common-mode fluctuations including temperature fluctuations, underwent effective compensation and elimination. The fluorescence change was reduced to 1.0% by multi-frequency synchronous manipulation from 5.5% of the single-frequency manipulation within a \u00b12 \u00b0C temperature range. Additionally, the multi-frequency synchronous manipulation improved the fluorescence contrast and the magnetic field measurement SNR through an omnidirectional manipulation scheme. It was very important to compensate for the temperature fluctuations, caused by both internal and external factors, to make use of the NV magnetometer in fiber-optic schemes\u2019 practicality. This work will promote the rapid development and widespread applications of quantum sensing based on various systems and principles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22145218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T23:02:01Z","timestamp":1657666921000},"page":"5218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Temperature Fluctuations Compensation with Multi-Frequency Synchronous Manipulation for a NV Magnetometer in Fiber-Optic Scheme"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1659-2907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Quantum Sensing, Intelligent Perception Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 310000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Quantum Sensing, Intelligent Perception Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 310000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Mechanics and Acoustic Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"},{"name":"Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"},{"name":"Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"035002","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.89.035002","article-title":"Quantum sensing","volume":"89","author":"Degen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. 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