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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film was chosen as the substrate to hold all the sensors. The developed smart insole has a three-layer structure (insole-PVC layer-fabric layer) and is calibrated in an isolation laboratory to evaluate its measurement performance. One male volunteer subject exhibited four different body postures, namely tree pose, forward-leaning, squatting, and forward folding pose. Changes in pressure distribution were considered to be similar for the forward, squat, and forward-folded positions. When subjects performed a full squat, the flex sensor exhibited maximum flexion during the squat position, and the flex sensor response against the squat pose was found to be higher by about 18.18% than in the forward lean, respectively. The tree pose has the highest error rate at the first metatarsal, about 18.6%, of which the maximum absolute relative error of the sensor is less than 5%. Plantar pressure distribution and body posture measurements were successfully validated using Flexi force and flex sensors embedded in the smart insole. The smart insole proposed in this research work has broader prospects for clinical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22155469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T03:58:44Z","timestamp":1658462324000},"page":"5469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Smart Insole Based on Flexi Force and Flex Sensor for Monitoring Different Body Postures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Rafique Ahmed","family":"Lakho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"},{"name":"CNR IPCF, Bari Division c\/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Bari, Via Orabona 4, I-70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4799-8747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zamir Ahmed","family":"Abro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Textile Engineering, BUITEMS, Airport Road, Quetta 87300, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7900-0422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15694","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3047662","article-title":"A lightweight and robust secure key establishment protocol for internet of medical things in COVID-19 patients care","volume":"8","author":"Masud","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.1900349","article-title":"Requirements and enablers of advanced healthcare services over future cellular systems","volume":"58","author":"Cisotto","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. 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