{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T03:33:46Z","timestamp":1771472026562,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42075129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42075129"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E2021202179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2021202179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19210404D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19210404D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20351802D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20351802D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21351803D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21351803D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation","award":["42075129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42075129"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation","award":["E2021202179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2021202179"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation","award":["19210404D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19210404D"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation","award":["20351802D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20351802D"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation","award":["21351803D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21351803D"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Project from Hebei Province","award":["42075129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42075129"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Project from Hebei Province","award":["E2021202179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2021202179"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Project from Hebei Province","award":["19210404D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19210404D"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Project from Hebei Province","award":["20351802D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20351802D"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Project from Hebei Province","award":["21351803D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21351803D"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The pattern synthesis of antenna arrays is a substantial factor that can enhance the effectiveness and validity of a wireless communication system. This work proposes an advanced marine predator algorithm (AMPA) to synthesize the beam patterns of a non-uniform circular antenna array (CAA). The AMPA utilizes an adaptive velocity update mechanism with a chaotic sequence parameter to improve the exploration and exploitation capability of the algorithm. The MPA structure is simplified and upgraded to overcome being stuck in the local optimum. The AMPA is employed for the joint optimization of amplitude current and inter-element spacing to suppress the peak sidelobe level (SLL) of 8-element, 10-element, 12-element, and 18-element CAAs, taking into consideration the mutual coupling effects. The results show that it attains better performances in relation to SLL suppression and convergence rate, in comparison with some other algorithms for the optimization case.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22155779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:15:26Z","timestamp":1659485726000},"page":"5779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Advanced Marine Predator Algorithm for Circular Antenna Array Pattern Synthesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2796-5366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunice Oluwabunmi","family":"Owoola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3968-481X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kewen","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6986-1939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Ogunjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340271, Ondo State, Nigeria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2805-9920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandrine","family":"Mukase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7226-0846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aadel","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nyala, Nyala 11111, Sudan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232330","DOI":"10.1080\/23311916.2016.1232330","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of the effects of geometry orientation of array antenna on directivity for wire-less communication","volume":"3","author":"Kazema","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cogent Eng."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1590\/2179-10742017v16i2913","article-title":"Analysis of linear antenna array for minimum side lobe level, half power beamwidth, and nulls control using PSO","volume":"16","author":"Rahman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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