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The AFE is composed of four sections, chopper-stabilized amplifiers, ripple suppression circuit, RRAM-based lowpass FIR filter, and 8-bit SAR ADC. This is the first time that an RRAM-based lowpass FIR filter has been introduced in an EEG AFE, where the bio-plausible characteristics of RRAM are utilized to analyze signals in the analog domain with high efficiency. The preamp uses the symmetrical OTA structure, reducing power consumption while meeting gain requirements. The ripple suppression circuit greatly improves noise characteristics and offset voltage. The RRAM-based low-pass filter achieves a 40 Hz cutoff frequency, which is suitable for the analysis of EEG signals. The SAR ADC adopts a segmented capacitor structure, effectively reducing the capacitor switching power consumption. The chip prototype is designed in 40 nm CMOS technology. The overall power consumption is approximately 13 \u00b5W, achieving ultra-low-power operation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22166096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T23:44:03Z","timestamp":1660607043000},"page":"6096","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A 13 \u00b5W Analog Front-End with RRAM-Based Lowpass FIR Filter for EEG Signal Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2155-7057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qirui","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Device and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danian","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Device and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Device and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2794-1324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and IME\/ECE-FST, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao 999078, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Device and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, T., Choi, W., Kim, J., and Je, M. 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