{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T06:36:44Z","timestamp":1775284604835,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R &amp; D Program of China","award":["2020YFB0905900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB0905900"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aerial insulator defect images have some features. For instance, the complex background and small target of defects would make it difficult to detect insulator defects quickly and accurately. To solve the problem of low accuracy of insulator defect detection, this paper concerns the shortcomings of IoU and the sensitivity of small targets to the model regression accuracy. An improved SIoU loss function was proposed based on the regular influence of regression direction on the accuracy. This loss function can accelerate the convergence of the model and make it achieve better results in regressions. For complex backgrounds, ECA (Efficient Channel Attention Module) is embedded between the backbone and the feature fusion layer of the model to reduce the influence of redundant features on the detection accuracy and make progress in the aspect. As a result, these experiments show that the improved model achieved 97.18% mAP which is 2.74% higher than before, and the detection speed could reach 71 fps. To some extent, it can detect insulator and its defects accurately and in real-time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22166186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T23:28:41Z","timestamp":1660865321000},"page":"6186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Improved Algorithm for Insulator and Its Defect Detection Based on YOLOX"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Gujing","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Grid Information & Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 102211, China"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Grid Information & Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 102211, China"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}]},{"given":"Ruijie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}]},{"given":"Qiwei","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}]},{"given":"Kaipei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1471-3872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"3008","article-title":"Spray Image Processing of Composite Insulators Based on Interval Classification of Uniformity Measure and Intelligent Identification of Hydrophobicity","volume":"46","author":"Qiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"High Volt. 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