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Wong Education Foundation","award":["Y848041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y848041"]}]},{"name":"the Xinjiang Tianchi Hundred Talents Program","award":["42150410393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42150410393"]}]},{"name":"the Xinjiang Tianchi Hundred Talents Program","award":["42150410393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42150410393"]}]},{"name":"the Xinjiang Tianchi Hundred Talents Program","award":["42150410393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42150410393"]}]},{"name":"the Xinjiang Tianchi Hundred Talents Program","award":["41761144079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41761144079"]}]},{"name":"the Xinjiang Tianchi Hundred Talents Program","award":["2021PC0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021PC0002"]}]},{"name":"the Xinjiang Tianchi Hundred Talents Program","award":["GJTD-2020-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJTD-2020-14"]}]},{"name":"the Xinjiang Tianchi Hundred Talents Program","award":["Y848041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y848041"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As is already known, solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is a widely accepted technology for power generation worldwide. However, it is scientifically proven that its power output decreases with an increase in the temperature of the PV module. Such an important issue is controlled by adopting a number of cooling mechanisms for the PV module. The present experimental study assesses the effect of a fanless CPU heat pipe on the performance of a PV module. The experiment was conducted in June in real weather conditions in Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation. The comparative analysis of two PV panels (i.e., cooled, and uncooled) based on the electrical energy, exergy performance, economic, embodied energy and energy payback (5E) for the two systems is presented and discussed. The key results from the study are that the average temperature reduction from the cooling process is 6.72 \u00b0C. The average power for the cooled panel is 11.39 W against 9.73 W for the uncooled PV panel; this represents an increase of 1.66 W for the cooled module. Moreover, the average improvements in the electrical efficiency, and embodied energy recorded for a cooled PV panel 2.98%, and 438.52 kWh, respectively. Furthermore, the calculations of the levelized cost of energy (LCE) for the cooled PV panel indicate that it can range from 0.277\u20130.964 USD\/kWh, while that for the uncooled PV panel also ranges from 0.205\u20130.698 USD\/kWh based on the number of days of operation of the plant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22176367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T23:48:58Z","timestamp":1661384938000},"page":"6367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Experimental Study on Performance Enhancement of a Photovoltaic Module Incorporated with CPU Heat Pipe\u2014A 5E Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5667-9476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seepana","family":"Praveenkumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2366-2491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aminjon","family":"Gulakhmadov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"Ministry of Energy and Water Resources of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe 734064, Tajikistan"},{"name":"Institute of Water Problems, Hydropower and Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Dushanbe 72042, Tajikistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6947-4349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ephraim Bonah","family":"Agyekum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3955-6420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naseer","family":"T. Alwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4435-4009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir Ivanovich","family":"Velkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parviz","family":"Sharipov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3433-9742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murodbek","family":"Safaraliev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automated Electrical Systems, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jup.2021.101219","article-title":"A bird\u2019s eye view of Ghana\u2019s renewable energy sector environment: A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making approach","volume":"70","author":"Agyekum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Util. 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