{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T06:51:37Z","timestamp":1774075897265,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan","award":["VGHUST111-G6-11-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VGHUST111-G6-11-1"]}]},{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan","award":["111-2221-E-A49 -041 -MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-2221-E-A49 -041 -MY2"]}]},{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan","award":["110-2221-E-075-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2221-E-075-005"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","award":["VGHUST111-G6-11-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VGHUST111-G6-11-1"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","award":["111-2221-E-A49 -041 -MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-2221-E-A49 -041 -MY2"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","award":["110-2221-E-075-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2221-E-075-005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the development of active noise cancellation (ANC) technology, ANC has been used to mitigate the effects of environmental noise on audiometric results. However, objective evaluation methods supporting the accuracy of audiometry for ANC exposure to different levels of noise have not been reported. Accordingly, the audio characteristics of three different ANC headphone models were quantified under different noise conditions and the feasibility of ANC in noisy environments was investigated. Steady (pink noise) and non-steady noise (cafeteria babble noise) were used to simulate noisy environments. We compared the integrity of pure-tone signals obtained from three different ANC headphone models after processing under different noise scenarios and analyzed the degree of ANC signal correlation based on the Pearson correlation coefficient compared to pure-tone signals in quiet. The objective signal correlation results were compared with audiometric screening results to confirm the correspondence. Results revealed that ANC helped mitigate the effects of environmental noise on the measured signal and the combined ANC headset model retained the highest signal integrity. The degree of signal correlation was used as a confidence indicator for the accuracy of hearing screening in noise results. It was found that the ANC technique can be further improved for more complex noisy environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22197329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T03:30:37Z","timestamp":1664335837000},"page":"7329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Objective Signal Analysis for Investigating Feasibility of Active Noise Cancellation in Hearing Screening"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2661-9923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsiu-Lien","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Yan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Zhong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yen-Fu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0997-5168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan-Chia","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Management Office, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Mei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4286-6032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Chang","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Huei","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4120-7289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying-Hui","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"},{"name":"Medical Device Innovation & Translation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816683663","article-title":"Accuracy of Mobile-Based Audiometry in the Evaluation of Hearing Loss in Quiet and Noisy Environments","volume":"156","author":"Saliba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. 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