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The longitudinal deformation of the tunnel is closely related to the occurrence of joint dislocation, joint opening, and other defects. In view of the difficulty of obtaining 3D longitudinal deformation curves, a method is proposed to obtain 3D longitudinal deformation curves based on a large number of 3D point cloud data with high spatial resolution and large spatial dimensions. Combined with the mechanism of defects occurrence, a theoretical basis for tunnel defects assessment based on tunnel longitudinal deformation is proposed. Taking one pipe jacking tunnel as an example, the longitudinal settlement curve and the 3D longitudinal deformation curve are compared. The correlation between the 3D longitudinal deformation curve and defects such as mud leakage, cracks, and differential deformation is illustrated from the perspective of three indexes: deformation amount, bending deformation, and shearing deformation. The accuracy and reliability of the 3D longitudinal deformation curve in tunnel defects detection and assessment are verified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22197648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T05:12:21Z","timestamp":1665378741000},"page":"7648","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A Novel Detection and Assessment Method for Operational Defects of Pipe Jacking Tunnel Based on 3D Longitudinal Deformation Curve: A Case Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2269-9380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiongyao","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"04021125","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0002162","article-title":"Evaluating Deterioration of Tunnels Using Computational Machine Learning Algorithms","volume":"141","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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