{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T06:31:50Z","timestamp":1768977110148,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]],"date-time":"2022-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2018YFB1801004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB1801004"]}]},{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["6212780022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6212780022"]}]},{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["61935005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61935005"]}]},{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["91938202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91938202"]}]},{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["61720106015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61720106015"]}]},{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["61835002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61835002"]}]},{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["61805043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61805043"]}]},{"name":"NNSF of China","award":["2018YFB1801004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB1801004"]}]},{"name":"NNSF of China","award":["6212780022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6212780022"]}]},{"name":"NNSF of China","award":["61935005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61935005"]}]},{"name":"NNSF of China","award":["91938202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91938202"]}]},{"name":"NNSF of China","award":["61720106015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61720106015"]}]},{"name":"NNSF of China","award":["61835002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61835002"]}]},{"name":"NNSF of China","award":["61805043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61805043"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The millimeter-wave frequency band provides abundant frequency resources for the development of beyond 5th generation mobile network (B5G) mobile communication, and its relative bandwidth of 1% can provide a gigabit-level communication bandwidth. In particular, the D-band (110\u2013170 GHz) has received much attention, due to its large available bandwidth. However, certain bands in the D-band are easily blocked by obstacles and lack penetration. In this paper, D-band millimeter-wave penetration losses of typical materials, such as vegetation, planks, glass, and slate, are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The comparative analysis between our experimental results and theoretical predictions shows that D-band waves find it difficult to penetrate thick materials, making it difficult for 5G millimeter waves to cover indoors from outdoor macro stations. The future B5G mobile communication also requires significant measurement work on different frequencies and different scenarios.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22197666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T05:12:21Z","timestamp":1665378741000},"page":"7666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Research on Penetration Loss of D-Band Millimeter Wave for Typical Materials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves, Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves, Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7769-9353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingxu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves, Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengzhen","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves, Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves, Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves, Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2011.2143650","article-title":"State of the art in 60-GHz integrated circuits and systems for wireless communications","volume":"99","author":"Rappaport","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. 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